- Suicide gene therapy is a novel approach in cancer treatment that involves the introduction of a specific gene into cancer cells. When this gene is activated, it triggers a process that leads to the self-destruction of the cancer cell. One of the most commonly employed suicide genes in this therapy is the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene (HSV-TK).
- The way suicide gene therapy typically works is by introducing the HSV-TK gene into the cancer cells, either directly or through a viral vector. Once the gene is integrated into the cancer cell’s DNA, it allows the cell to produce an enzyme, thymidine kinase. When a drug like ganciclovir is administered, it is only converted into its active form in cells that contain the HSV-TK gene. Once activated, ganciclovir is toxic to the cell, causing it to self-destruct in a process called apoptosis.
- This approach is highly specific to cancer cells that have been modified with the suicide gene, sparing healthy surrounding tissues. Suicide gene therapy is a promising area of research and has shown potential in preclinical and eary clinical studies, but it is still undergoing further development and testing to determine its safety and effectiveness in a wider range of cancer types. It represents an exciting avenue in the quest for more targeted and innovative cancer treatments.
- Gene-Based Immunotherapies: Some gene therapies aim to enhance the body’s immune response to cancer. This includes modifying immune cells to express specific receptors or cytokines that enhance their cancer-fighting abilities.
- Virotherapy: Virotherapy uses genetically modified viruses to deliver therapeutic genes or stimulate an immune response against cancer cells. Talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC) is an example of an oncolytic virus used in the treatment of melanoma.
- Gene Silencing: RNA interference (RNAi) and antisense oligonucleotides are used to silence or inhibit the expression of specific genes associated with cancer growth or survival.
Suicide Gene Therapy
